Indigenous Histories

For the month of February, the ground floor display is featuring materials on the subject of Indigenous histories. Indigenous histories in Canada are rich and diverse. To focus on the histories, heritage, and cultures of First Nation, Inuit and Métis communities across Canada we have collected material to reflect topics such as Elders knowledge, treaty-making, residential schools, and resistance against the Settler State and settler colonialism.

Across the Steel River by Ted Stenhouse 
Set in the year of 1952, Stenhouse tells the story of a friendship between teenage boys Will and Arthur. The two have been friends forever but the town believes they’ll outgrow their friendship due to their family’s history. They prove the town wrong as their friendship strengthens in discovering a badly beaten man by the train tracks. It’s revealed that the beaten man left for dead was not just any ordinary man, but a decorated Indigenous war-hero from the Second World War. Although the local police turn a blind eye on what caused Yellowfly’s injuries, the boys take it upon themselves to break the case. Recommended reading Ages: 10-14; Grades 5-9.

The North-West Resistance of 1885 produced by the Curriculum Unit at the Gabriel Dumont Institute of Native Studies and Applied Research; revision by Joanne Pelletier
This book sheds light on the aftermath of the Red River Insurgence. Rather than being treated as equal partners in Confederation, the Métis of the Red River were treated as conquered people. This item recounts the significance of the Insurgency of 1885 and the formation of the Métis Nation. New leaders and the people are once again speaking out demanding their inherent rights as an Indigenous nation.

A Knock on the Door: The Essential History or Residential Schools from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada with a foreword by Phil Fontaine
“It can start with a knock on the door one morning. It is the local Indian agent, or the parish priest, or, perhaps, a Mounted Police officer… The officials have arrived and the children must go.” (Fontain, 2016). This book captures the history of Residential Schools and the traumatic experiences of many Indigenous children in Canada. Published in collaboration with the National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation, this book presents the essential history and legacy of Residential Schools, informing readers of the journey of Reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples.

In the Words of Elders: Aboriginal Cultures in Transition
edited by Peter Kulchyski, Don McCaskill, and David Newhouse
In the Words of Elders: Aboriginal Cultures in Transition is a collection of interviews with 16 Elders and Traditional Teachers. The book addresses a range of topics of first-person narratives by a generation of respected Elders and Traditional Teachers selected for interviews in the compilation of this book. Readers are able to experience different collected views and compare world-view and traditions based on stories told by members of the following communities: Passmoquady, Micmac, Seneca, Mohawk, Odawa, Ojibwe, Innu, Mushkegowuk Cree, Inuit, Dakota Sioux, Saulteau, Slavey, Dogrib, Shayshas, and Musqueam.

Dakota Talks About Treaties by Kelly Crawford 
Dakota Talks About Treaties is a story about Dakota. The reading begins with Dakota’s speech about her journey to learn about treaties. Dakota explains what treaties are and their importance. The book aims to capture children’s interest and connect them to learning about treaties and Indigenous histories. This helps children learn the importance and relevance of treaties in their own lives. The story is meant to be read aloud by the teacher at the elementary school level. As a teaching tool, the back of the book provides “Teacher Quick Tips” and a “Teacher Reference” for helpful information and suggestions.

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Physical Education in Ontario Schools

With the start of the 2018 Winter Olympics, this month’s historical display takes a look at some of the ways that sports and physical education in Ontario schools has changed!

In the early 20th century, physical education was taught as two subjects: Hygiene and Physical Culture. These were treated as complementary subjects, where “[hygiene] provides the pupil with the knowledge necessary for the maintenance of his bodily health and [physical culture] provides the exercises and activities whereby this bodily health may be promoted” (Courses of Study, Public and Separate Schools, 1926).

Although the curriculum did not provide teachers with specifics, other resources were available to teachers. Physical exercises, for example, were outlined in books such as The Syllabus of Physical Exercises for Schools (1911) and the Athletic Handbook for Ontario Schools (19–). Unlike organized sports, many of the exercises in such books could be done in place in the classroom.

In the 1930s, physical education and hygiene were rolled into a single course, “Health.” This course included everything from first aid, playground games, singing games, folk dances, and sports such as track and field. Older pupils also participated in both team sports, such as volleyball and hockey, and individual sports, such as tennis and gymnastics.

Physical education in the early twentieth century also included school cadet corps – a practice that became particularly prominent during World War II. Physical Education curricula from the 1940s integrated Cadet Training and Defence Training into the course of study for high school students. In addition to basic physical and health education, these students could choose from a variety of defence-related electives, including: first aid, small arms training, navigation, map reading, and aircraft recognition.

In the second half of the twentieth century, curricula for all subjects became more specialized and more detailed. Unlike earlier curricula, these often included descriptions of suggested activities for the classroom as well as scheduling recommendations. More emphasis was also placed on sports rather than the general exercises of earlier years, although basic movement exercises continued to play a prominent role in girls’ physical education classes into the 1960s.

These materials will be on display in the glass table on the ground floor of the OISE Library through the month of February.

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OISE Lobby Display: Black History Month

February is Black History Month and a selection of OISE Library resources are on display in the lobby of the OISE building. This display features useful resources for classroom lessons about Black history, with an emphasis on Black Canadian history.

A Forgotten Sisterhood: Pioneering Black Women Educators and Activists in the Jim Crow South, by Audrey Thomas McCluskey

This books profiles the Black women who were school founders in the American South during the Jim Crow era. The period between the late-1800s and the mid-1900s was one where the number of Black children entering schools grew exponentially, and many southern Black women in the field of education responded to this demand. The lives of four women are examined in depth, with an emphasis on their work in education and social activism: Lucy Craft Laney (1854-1933), Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955), Nannie Helen Burroughs (1879-1961), and Charlotte Hawkins Brown (1883-1961).

All Aboard! Elijah McCoy’s Steam Engine, by Monica Kulling

Elijah McCoy is a Canadian engineer and a prolific inventor. This picture book shares the story of his first invention: an oil cup that oiled the steam engine while the train was moving. This revolutionized train travel, making train travel faster for the passengers and safer for the workers. Elijah McCoy would go on to file a total of 57 patents for his inventions, including a portable ironing board and a lawn sprinkler.

Moving Beyond Borders: A History of Black Canadian and Caribbean Women in the Diaspora, by Karen Flynn

Drawing on interviews, oral histories, and archival sources, this book profiles the lives of 35 Black nurses who were either born in Canada or who immigrated to Canada from the Caribbean. Many of these women were pioneers in the health care field, as nursing as a profession was closed to Black women before the late-1940s; the 1940s and 1950s in Canada were a period of integration both in nursing schools and in hospitals more generally. This book examines how these women’s personal lives shaped their professional lives as nurses and vice-versa, and explores oft-overlooked aspects of intersectionality such as religion, education, family, and migration.

I Came as a Stranger: The Underground Railroad, by Bryan Prince

Replete with pictures and suitable for use as a classroom textbook, this book functions as a detailed guide to the Underground Railroad. Emphasis is placed on those instances where Canada was the final destination, and looks at the lives of men and women who escaped slavery after they arrived in Canada. This book profiles the lives of real individuals and provides a realistic look at what life was like for Black Canadians in the 1800s.

Season of Rage: Hugh Burnett and the Struggle for Civil Rights, by John Cooper

Well after laws were passed banning segregation elsewhere, discrimination in one restaurant in Dresden, Ontario finally prompted the development of civil rights laws here as well. In 1954, the Ontario Legislature passed the Fair Accommodation Practices Act, and when some businesses refused to abide by the new law, civil rights activists took them to court. Written for use by children, this book contains short chapters, clear language, and plenty of background information including timelines and profiles of prominent people involved in the fight for equal rights.

For these and other titles on Black History Month, visit the OISE Lobby Display on the ground floor of the OISE building. To borrow these books, please stop by the OISE Library Service Desk and we’ll retrieve it for you.

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OISE Lobby Display: Inclusive Education

This February the OISE Library is featuring its materials on inclusive education. Inclusive education involves ensuring that all students are welcomed into the classroom with supports in place that allow them to learn and participate in all aspects of the school environment, no matter their needs, abilities, or background. This month’s Lobby Display features items from OISE’s stacks, curriculum resources, and children’s literature collections. The following books represent some of the many titles on inclusive education that are on display and in OISE’s broader collections.

A Long Walk to School: Global Perspectives on Inclusive Education, edited by Vianne Timmons and Patricia Noonan Walsh, is a compilation of articles that provides readers with information about inclusive education experiences for children and adults with intellectual disabilities from a variety of cultures and countries. Countries included in this compilation of articles about building the capacity for inclusive education are Kenya, Peru, Bangladesh, and Hong Kong. When discussing changing education systems for inclusion, countries like the United States, Canada, Italy, and Ireland are featured. This book highlights inclusive education practices that have been successful, and also describes the continuing challenges to inclusive education around the world by providing readers with an overview of inclusive education research.

Technology for Transformation Perspectives of Hope in the Digital Age, edited by Libbi R. Miller, Daniel Becker, and Katherine Becker, is a compilation of articles that discuss the potential for education technology to be used as a tool for social justice and inclusive education. Aimed at K-12 teachers, teacher educators, educational technology and social justice scholars, and policymakers, this book is intended to be an overview of research on social justice educational technology. It is also meant to be a source of ideas that teachers can implement in the classroom to promote the use of technology for social justice. The book provides readers with examples of individuals and groups using technology for social justice, such as Indigenous peoples, and provides suggestions for ways to use technology for social justice in the classroom.

41 Active Learning Strategies for the Inclusive Classroom Grades 6-12, by Diane Casale-Giannola and Linda Schwartz Green, is a curriculum resource book that provides teachers with a variety of “Active Learning” strategies meant to keep students engaged in the classroom regardless of their learning abilities and language difference. Furthermore, these activities are meant to provide students with positive learning outcomes within an inclusive environment. Before explaining their active learning strategies the authors provide readers with background information about research on inclusive education. Each strategy they describe afterward includes materials, directions, and samples of techniques for implementation. Teachers can use these strategies as starting points to visualize how active learning strategies can be incorporated into their own unique classroom.

Deepening Inclusive and Community-Engaged Education In Three Schools: A Teachers’ Resource, is an OISE curriculum resource publication edited by OISE faculty Leslie Stewart Rose and Mark Evans. The resource guide provides teachers with ways to integrate effective inclusive curriculum practices into the classroom. Furthermore, it includes reports “on school-based inquiries into effective inclusive curriculum practice,” which came out of the Toronto District School Board’s Inclusive Schools three-year pilot project. The project was intended to investigate and develop effective inclusive curriculum and instructional practices. This resource book was the result of a professional learning process that involved the collaboration of teachers, principals, and OISE faculty. It suggests that ongoing teacher education is important for making teachers responsive to supporting all student learning.

The Cutest Face: Celebrating Diversity & Equity in the Classroom, by Rebecca Zak is a children’s book that retells the story of a teacher’s class on picture day. Each page of the book depicts a unique student within the class, describing positive attributes of that student. Through its descriptions of different students, the book represents children of different backgrounds and abilities. The last page of the book shows the final class picture, effectively celebrating the differences that each of these students brings to the classroom, “All of my students are so cute in their own way…but what’s best is how cute everyone looks all together.” This book is a useful resource that promotes inclusive education to students and provides students characters in which they can identify with in a positive manner.

For these and more books on inclusive education, please visit the OISE Lobby Display on the ground floor of the OISE building. All resources in the display case can be checked out – please ask a staff member at the circulation desk for assistance.

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Featured Activity Kit: Big Box of Word Chunks

The Big Box of Word Chunks kit is a fun way to help students with their literacy skills. The purpose of the kit is to help teach elementary students ages 6 and up to spell using two-piece word puzzles. This activity kit is perfect for teaching students about how to create words according to vowel sounds in different word families. Teachers can use this kit to make learning how to spell  more visually engaging and hands-on for their students.

The kit contains 220 different letter puzzle pieces that students can manipulate and connect to create different words. The puzzle pieces are organized into four categories: Word Family Puzzle Pieces; Consonant Blend Puzzle Pieces; Initial Consonant Puzzle Pieces; and Digraph Puzzle Pieces. Each puzzle piece is also colour coded by vowel sounds in the word families, and by beginning sounds, which are further explained in the instruction booklet. The colour coding provides students with visual cues for puzzle pieces with similar sounds.

The instruction booklet also contains a “Word Family Reference List,” which shows possible puzzle piece word combinations. It also provides suggested game and activity ideas for using the letter puzzle pieces for student learning.

To further enhance student literacy in a fun and interactive way in the classroom, the Big Box of Word Chunks can also be used as a companion to the Big Box of Sentence Building kit, which is also available at the OISE Library.

The Big Box of Word Chunks kit is currently on display on the Ground Floor of the OISE Library on the coffee table near the “New Arrivals” shelf. For more information on this activity kit, and many others available in the OISE Library’s Curriculum Resources Collection, please visit the OISE Library K-12 Manipulatives Database.

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